I'm just posting this here to see what kind of ideas we can all come up with. If anyone's interested in building a mod, that'd be great, otherwise I may take a stab at it myself.
Just some random thoughts I've had so far:
- Research: all the below ideas would require some research, which only becomes available after researching Rocket Defense (I suspect it would be hard to cleanly hook into the ship landing and prevent the game from completing after those 10 minutes, so the research will have to suffice as a surrogate). Numbers of science packs for RD could be at the lower end of requirements for these techs and it could possibly introduce new kinds of research input (advanced science packs? scientists?)
- Cryogenic storage: I envision the majority of the future population of this planet to be in orbit in cryogenic ships. These ships have their own powersupplies, but are too big to bring to the surface. So some cryogenic storage buildings need to be built where the population can safely be stored until it's time for "defrosting" - this building will obviously having some major power requirements for maintenance and perhaps have some basic nutrients shipped in to allow a citizen to be defrosted -> produces "Defrosted citizen"
- Training and recovery facility: where defrosted citizens go to recover from their period of cryo storage
- Apartment buildings: perhaps even in several levels of luxury
- Higher tier apartment buildings could produce scientists, which are required for future research (yes, I realize they'll likely get consumed in the process, but hey, research on an alien planet is dangerous

- Food! Initially, food could be gotten from biter carcasses (Biter Burger, anyone?

I'm thinking all these construction options should only require items that are available in the base game, so it doesn't add too much complexity but just offers some resource sinks and presents a bit of a goal to work toward.
Again, I'm just tossing these ideas around, see if they appeal to anyone else (and perhaps find out if they're at all feasible).