[2.0.9] Lower FPS on a better system

[TinyDM]

I have two computers I am playing Factorio on currently, a desktop computer from about 2012, and a Chromebook-esque laptop from a few years later. Neither are good, but Factorio is an incredibly optimized game and I've played 1.1.x up to lategame with minimal issues, with the laptop beginning to struggle for UPS in the endgame. While playing Space Age, I've noticed an inexplicable and heavy performance drop when playing on my desktop versus on my laptop, where my laptop will sometimes dip below 60 UPS (situational, understandable) but always maintain above 30 and often 45 FPS, whereas my desktop on the same save and same settings (to my knowledge) will always hold 60UPS but often play at 10-15 FPS. This seems to be the opposite of what it should be; the laptop has less RAM, less computing power, and is overall half to a third as powerful as the desktop but still plays the game substantially better, which makes me wonder if there's a setting I need to change or if it's a hardware incompatibility of some sort? The graphics card itself, which FPS should be limited by, is an Intel UHD Graphics 2500 vs. 600. All information is linked below, in accordance with the performance problem guide in the bug section. Thank you.

Factorio log, save name and username have been removed as those contain my real name.

factorio-current.log

(14.49 KiB) Downloaded 10 times

Screenshot of Desktop with available statistics

20241022160834_1.jpg (642.55 KiB) Viewed 383 times

Screenshot of Laptop with available statistics

2541ABF200001.jpg (407.03 KiB) Viewed 383 times

Current save file linked as .zip

Primary SA Save.zip

(7.15 MiB) Downloaded 9 times

Mods: No non Space Age mods, i.e. core, space-age, quality, elevated-rails

Relevant Desktop Stats: i5-3470 CPU @ 3.20GHz, 12.0 GB RAM, Intel UHD Graphics 2500 (integrated)
Relevant Laptop Stats: N4120 CPU @ 1.10Ghz, 4.0GB Ram, Intel UHD Graphics 600 (integrated)

[TinyDM]

Update: I attempted to cut Video Memory Usage to Low and Atlas Texture Size to 2048 to match my laptop's settings, they seem to have had minimal effect. New log:

factorio-current.log

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It seems to want to mess around with mods, but no changes were made between the restart, only Space Age mods are loaded. I'm hoping it's not just an issue with "you have twice as many pixels on a 1080 vs 768" which doesn't make a whole lot of sense either.