[1.1.69] Multiplayer - Getting Stuck On "Server Not Responding"

[Froinchi_]

Hello everyone. I hope you're doing well.

1. What did you do?
I installed the latest version of Factorio, and booted the game. Connected to my friend's server.
2. What happened?
After some time playing without any issues, the game started to kick me from server on every autosave, showing me a "Server Not Responding". I was able to connect back again at first, then I totally lost my ability to connect any servers. Now, I can't connect to any Factorio servers. It gets stuck on "Server Not Responding".
3. What did you expect to happen instead?
Connecting to a server, and being able to play it normally, without issues.
4. The Steps I Tried for a Fix
For fixing the issue, I tried completely removing the game, including all configs and regedit files, it didn't solve it. Then I tried installing the game, deleting the steamapps/common/Factorio file and clicking "Verify the file integrity", it didn't solve it either. I can ping the servers via CMD with their IP addresses, but can't connect to them in Factorio.

I also attached logs.

I don't know what to do. Please help me. Thanks!