The "how it should work" idea:
My boilers should work twice as fast, thus consuming fuel twice as fast, producing two times more pollution and heat up twice as much water in the same amount of time.
My steam engines should consume water twice as fast, while producing twice as much electricity.
The whole mod works so that you can literally replace all your existing boiler and steam engines with the faster version, without moving stuff and changing the boiler:engine ratio.
Now, to the core of the problem:
For the steam engines, I just multiplied the fluid box size and fluid_usage_per_tick values by 2. It was as easy as that.
For the boilers however, multiplying the fluid box and power_consumption values by 2 gave me a very interesting results - in my testing facility, only half of my modded boilers worked on heating up the water and there was a massive pressure drop through the whole system, so only half of my modded steam engines worked.
I expected that the boilers would adapt to the new fluid box size and let me heat up twice as much water in the same amount of time, instead of heating up the same amount of water twice as fast.
(now that I think about it, they were heating up the doubled fluid box size of liquid, so I got twice as much heated water from the same amount of energy, so that's also a bug)
To understand correctly what I've just described here, I set up this Bug Testing Facility:

Just put some wood into the boiler and the whole thing should start up =)
Here's a short explanation of the bug using the image from the testing facility:

I'm attaching the Bug Testing Facility world and my mod, so you can test it yourself: I hoped that this will get changed, so that I can continue my work on the mod =)