http://i.imgur.com/3VZem47.png
I've tried reinstalling and it unfortunately it didn't change anything - I got the same error. I tracked down the folder the error message was throwing up (data/tests/run-tests-x64.bat) and it looks like run-tests-x64.bat just doesn't exist. If I choose to not update the game when I launch factorio, I can play the current version (0.1122) just fine.
My log file
If you need any more information, sorry for not getting it the first time - let me know and I'll put it up.