Thank you for the clear response.
You saved me a lot of guess and search work.

The server is back up, now running a new OS.
With still the old hardware.

- Added the [SOLVED] tag to the thread title.

--TLDR--
Advice / opinion asked, regarding possible fix :
- Replace ancient server OS for new-ish OS? Like Windows Server 2022 (it's recent, keys are cheap)
or
- Replace ancient server hardware AND ancient server OS


--The errors--
The headless server I'm running no longer appears to be online. It ...

I just made an account here to report the very first time Factorio has crashed on me. I've been playing off and on since 0.15 I think, Factorio has never crashed on me before.
I've attached the .log file.

At the moment of the crash I was lining up a blueprint (advanced circuits, 216 machines). It ...