If they are in Fahrenheit, then when was that screenshot taken? Whilst Factorio was trying to catch up?
If so then why was the cpu clock only 1097 MHz. Possibly thermal or power throttling? (If Factorio wasn't trying to catch up when that screenshot was taken, then what was Factorio doing when you ...

You should be able to load the save game in single player mode, and get single player performance stats for that save that way. (Multiplayer stats would be better, but single player is better than nothing).

I would expect your cpu to be able to keep up. My 10 year old i7-860 can run that save in ...

The attached screenshot is from a different game on the same server since I cannot connect to the one I am speaking of. The attached save.zip is the game that I cannot connect to.
I am on the latest version of mods. Don't need the mods folder according to the post, right?

The machine should be fast enough, others with my same laptop don't have any issues. The monitor shows that the game is not utilizing the resources..

My game is not "Catching Up" after connecting to my server. I have a monitoring service, and my PC is running just fine, but my network speed drops down to 2/3 kb/s while trying to catch up, and just drops the connection after 5 minutes saying that my computer or network is not fast enough. Again ...