This is setup that I used to test this.
![Image](https://forums.factorio.com/images/ext/3f72b8d387991422dbffa3a19ef04697.png)
And the test itself.
![Image](https://forums.factorio.com/images/ext/d4bd0e308b03f1b0e17b5dfe9c8329fa.png)
As you can see result depends on recipe craft time. I didn't test very long (5s+) recipes but I think they would be closest to expected result. As for cause of this behaviour I think the problem is that the real craft time of quick recipes after modification by machine speed and modules is close if not lower than one game tick and because of huge productivity would require to output product 2-5 times per tick and that's impossible. This is big problem because many recipes use 0.5s or 1s craft time.
This problem also occur in Drills and is even more significant because even 1 God module 5 would decrease real productivity in mk5 drill (compared to full raw productivity modules setup)