Each Loader has BOTH an Input Belt and an Output Belt Connection.
When opening the Loader properties Inside the Loader there are 3 things:
- Loader Contents:
The filtered stacks with its current contents. To set a filter just click on the stack and select the filter. Right click to remove. - Allow (Belt) Input:
These checkboxes determine if the Loader is allowed to input items to this stack from the Input Belt Side. Clicking checks/unchecks it individually for each stack. - Allow (Belt) Output:
These checkboxes determine if the Loader is allowed to output items from this stack to the Output Belt Side. Clicking checks/unchecks it individually for each stack.
So what this means is that you can basically use the Loader in-line of belts and it allows items to run from the Input Side through the Loader to the Output side and items from the filtered stacks are either kept inside or are being output if you chose so. Inserters can manipulate (push/pop) the stacks like a regular chest.
I see applications for that feature even in Train Loading/Unloading because ONE and SAME Loader could be used to Load and Unload a train wagon at the same time just by using the right Filter Settings and one Inserter facing Wagon->Loader and the other Loader->Wagon.
They could be made even more smart with Circuit Logic integration like changing the filters on signal or checking/unchecking individual checkboxes to control the item flow.
Don't know if it would be completely overpowered or not but it sounds like a possibility that could be explored. It surely would cut back on the amount of Splitters needed throughout the layouts. I found the amount of splitters being needed a bit problematic in my previous post with the various setups I exprimented around with. They made everything three times as hard and complex and at some point forced me to abuse the Underground Belt cheat to get around the space limitations and that's when I start to question myself if one wouldn't be better off just using inserters grabing directly from the belt instead.
That said I still wouldn't allow the Loader to directly Feed into Assemblers/Trains/Chests - You have to use Inserters to transfer between Loaders and other Items, that's the compromise. On top of that they should use tremendous amounts of energy, almost like assemblers or Beacons so you have to pay a price for the additional throughput and convenience.