The math is pretty easy with 20% bonus, 5 crafts makes 6 products.
So 5 charges of iron is required to make 6 steel, aka the first extra steel from the prod bonus.
5 charges of iron plate is 25 iron plate.
25 iron is not a multiple of 6 so it would waste some prod making the iron plate. The lowest common multiple of 25 and 6 is 150.
150 iron plate needs 125 iron ore.
So the numbers are:
125 iron ore makes 150 iron plates makes 36 steel plates.
25 prod cycles of iron ore to plate and 30 prod cycles of iron plate to steel.
All things considered these are relatively low numbers.
The bug in Question
When it comes to execution I run into an issue. By the last cycle of ore to plate the furnace switches off and stalls the prod cycle before it can finish, resulting in only 149 plates instead of 150. (Tested on normal game speed without beacons)Blueprint attached for testing
The 30 steel cycles dont have this issue.
The earliest I've been able to recreate this is 11th prod cycle.
Ive also tried increasing the ratio to
250:300:72 (Steel also fails)
375:450:108 (Steel passes if primed with 1 iron plate)
500:600:144 (Steel passes if primed with 1 iron plate)
All fall 1 iron plate short by the end of the iron ore phase.
Ive considered priming the system with 1 iron plate but the whole cycle resets when the furnace changes recipe and the steel phase sufferes the same issue.