I'm not exactly sure when this happens, it is quite rare. In the screenshot below you can see it occur with the Modular Armor MK2 and this may be the only item where this happens at all. I don't remember really, this is just where I noticed it most recently.
It only seems to happen if some items are missing, not all of them. Also may or may not have to do specifically with missing alien artifacts… I'm sorry it's a little vague, I may have to time to do some propper testing later.
edit: Note that this is only an issue of false information. Once all required ingredients are in the player's inventory the correct numbers are shown and the item can be crafted as usual.
Screenshot
Let me know if you need a gamesave or something (although it has definitely happend to me across multiple saves).Cheers