Regarding your performance section. This is something that I have never experienced in Factorio; however, I do have the "speed step" setting turned off in my bios (not sure if AMD has a different name for this). What this does is keep the CPU running at the currently set max speed. For example I ...

Single player with no mods.

0.001 2017-05-05 14:32:48; Factorio 0.15.8 (build 29493, win64, steam)
0.001 Operating system: Windows 10 (build 15063)
0.001 Program arguments: "C:\Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\Factorio\bin\x64\Factorio.exe" "--max-texture-size=16384"
0.001 Read data ...