This is very strange, all of a sudden it is working.

Okay, so if I delete the config file, Factorio starts. I can start a new game, etc. If I exit the game without changing the sprite resolution setting, Factorio starts back up normally. If I do change the sprite resolution setting, Factorio doesn't start and the errors get thrown in Windows Event ...

UPDATE:

I uninstalled the game from Steam, and downloaded the 0.15.1 installer from Factorio.com.

Installed and it runs fine. Steam must be involved in this issue.

UPDATE 2:

I (of course, haha) immediately went into Options and changed sprite resolution to High. Requires restart, so I exited ...

Link is broken. I have found two threads, https://forums.factorio.com/viewtopic.php?t=44581 and https://forums.factorio.com/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=44543 , both seem to be possibly related to virus scanners. All I'm using is the built-in Windows protection, and it hasn't flagged anything as far as I can ...

Thank you; I'm having trouble finding the thread for that particular bug report so I can monitor it though. May I have a link?

Earlier I tried reverting to 0.14 to see if it would run, and it started normally. That log file must have been created when I successfully started 0.14

I right click Factorio in Steam, > Properties, > Betas, and opt in to 0.15.x - Factorio 0.15 Experimental. It downloads and installs. I click ...

Sorry! Log file is as follows:

0.001 2017-04-24 12:22:09; Factorio 0.14.23 (build 25374, win64, steam)
0.001 Operating system: Windows 10 (build 15063)
0.001 Program arguments: "X:\Games\Steam\steamapps\common\Factorio\bin\x64\Factorio.exe"
0.001 Read data path: X:/Games/Steam/steamapps ...

I'm running Win 10 x64, drivers are all up to date. Did a fresh uninstall/reinstall of Factorio, opted in to experimental branch. When I press "Play", it says "Running" next to Factorio in the Steam sidebar for about 15 seconds, and then "Running" disappears and nothing ever happens.

Windows Event ...