For anybody interested, the issue turned out to be a specific problematic interaction of my AMD Ryzen 3200u graphics card and the mesa driver. The fix, as discussed in https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/issues/2814, was to add the line
export AMD_DEBUG=nodmacopyimage
to my ~/.bash_profile ...

Hello everyone,

I am running Factorio from Steam, and the game is basically completely unplayable. All OpenGL drivers are installed. I have tried setting the game to boot in GFX safe mode and changing the video settings to minimal, but this only changed the shape of the garbage on screen. What ...