Loaders including the chest itself feels like spot on.
Question would then just be, how many stacks the internal buffer should have. Not too many, that's sure.
2 slots? So that, even if two item types are mixed, one can unroll to the belt while the other item type is getting refilled. This avoids a buffer underun caused by switching item stacks.
More feel unneeded, you can still chain chests if you like.
Peak unload speed from/to a 2x1 loader/unloader ist 5 blue inserters, each topping out at 10-12 items/second, for a total of 50-60 items per second. More realistic is 4 inserters, resulting in 40-48 items per second. However, you can put any number of chests in between, to boost the buffer capacity.
Hrm, that's 2.5k / minute for each pair. That's a bit too much. A full blue belt with a single loader, and with 2 item stacks, that's still two seconds of buffering for free.
No, I don't think 2x1 is the correct size, it's too easy to tune for it USING the size as an advantage. 1x1 actually sounds more reasonable under that aspect.
This is how I expect 1x1-loaders to be commonly used:
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...=L-C C-C-C-L=...
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C-L=...=L-C-C-C
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...=L-C C-C-C-L=...
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C-L=...=L-C-C-C
Scaling for storage looks quite nicely, it can scale both in width and height, and the motivation to make use of all 3 sides is decent.
In contrast, with a 2x1, the buffer would scale differently:
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...=LL
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CC
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LL=...
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...=LL
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...=LL
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CC
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CC
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LL=...
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CC
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CC
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...=LL
So the 1x1 loader actually promotes a more mesh like layout, while the 2x1 loader, due to its broad side, primarily promotes a wide spread layout. Since 4 inserters are sufficient for blue belt saturation, there is no motivation to grow in the other direction.
Using a dedicated loader without integrated pickup buffer of its own leads to a similar storage pattern as the fully integrated 1x1. Even though I see issues with factory layout due to the effective 1x3 space requirement, so you can't just build a compact checkerboard factory. Even direct loading to the factory (if allowed) isn't working properly.
That is a problem since it makes the belt solution still unattractive compared to the robot or inserter+chest transport method which allows for a 66% space efficiency. With the 1x1 loader, I can still think of a competitive 50% space efficiency solution.
For train stations, the integrated 1x1 and the dedicated 1x2+1 don't differ much, apart from two additional spaces. Whereby the dedicated one even gives proper buffering "for free" on top, which the 1x1 can achieve at the same space requirement optionally.
As for the cost: An electric engine unit should definitely be a component. Maybe even more than one, given that it easily replaces a dozen robots or so, in a tight layout. Not too much though, as it should become affordable as soon as the player COULD switch to bots, or the player will inevitably switch the production line over and give up on the belt infrastructure way too soon.
And as for naming?
"Loader" doesn't sound right. It's actually more of a "belt compressor", if you get what I mean.
Because that's all it does, it's not actually capable of "loading" anything, it's just compressing item stacks, nothing more, nothing less.