Name all your pickup stations to have the same name, e.g. "[item=passive-provider-chest]"
Name all your drop stations with the item image, e.g. "[item=iron-ore]"
Parking/depot station name doesn't matter, I've just called mine "Park"
The train can just have one station in its schedule, which is the pickup station.
The train will first go to a pickup station. You'll want to put some logic on train limits and such to figure out which stations to go to so you don't have trains idling, but that's another issue.
When the train is full, it will path to whatever drop-off station it finds. If there is no station for it to go to because they are full, (in my opinion) it's probably better to leave the train where it is because otherwise you have the potential of filling up all of your parking with iron ore trains while the rest of your base is idling.
Once the train has dropped off all its cargo, it will again go to a pickup station. This time if there is no path, it will go to the depot. The train will not leave the depot until there is space at any one of the pickup stations.
If you wanted, you could add an additional interrupt for the train having no path while it is full. In this interrupt, make the train go to whatever parking station you want. It should automatically stay there until a slot opens up anyway, with the other interrupts moving it to the correct location when it can. Haven't tested this though.